Kiln.



T.'M.- WILSON.

KILN.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2, 1909;

952,777, Patented Mar.22,1910.

6 SHEETS-SHEET l. g y

ANDREW a BRANAM c0. FNDTO-UYNOGRAPHERS. WASHINGTON D c T. M. WILSON.

' KILN. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2, 1909.

Q 1 9 1 2 2 R m d nu b n 6 U 3 P T. M. WILSON.

KILN.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2, 1909.

Patented Mar. 22, 1910.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

T. M. WILSON.

KILN.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2, 1909.

Patented Mar. 22, 1910.

5 SHBETS-SHEET 4.

awn/M 00 m m m ANDREW e. GRAHAM co PHOTD LITNOGRAPHERS. WASHINGTON, a.C.

T. M. WILSON.

KILN.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2, 1909 Patented 31211222, 1910.

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UNTTEU STATES PATENT @FFTQB.

THOMAS M. WILSON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

KILN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 2, 1909. Serial No. 515,775.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS M. VVILsoN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inKilns, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in kilns, and more particularly toan improved arrangement of flues, with an improved construction of floorabove the fines, whereby a uniform distribution of heat is insuredthroughout the kiln, and the maximum of heat units utilized to burn thebrick or other articles in the kiln.

A further object is to provide a kiln having a series of furnaces in itsside walls, and chimneys between the furnaces in the side walls and inthe end walls of the kiln, with an improved arrangement of chords belowthe kiln floor, forming an improved arrangement of longitudinal andlateral flues communicating with the respective chimneys, and providingan improved kiln having longitudinal rlddles at the center communicatingwith longitudinal flues below, and provided with lateral riddles at theends of the kiln communicating with lateral. fiues below.

A further object is to provide an improved kiln floor, which is closedor tight except throughout its longitudinal center, and at its ends,which prevents dirt and sand from the burning, clogging the flues below,and affords a maximum smooth surface for the accommodation of the bricksto be burned.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in certainnovel features of construction, and combinations and arrangements ofparts as will be more fully hereinafter described and pointed out in theclaims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1, is a view in longitudinalhorizontal section above the floor of my improved kiln. Fig. 2, is alongitudinal horizontal section through the kiln below the floor. Fig.3, is a view in cross section through the kiln taken at a point betweenthe chimneys in the walls of the kiln. Fig. 4, is a view in crosssection taken through the chimneys in the side walls of the kiln. Fig.5, is a fragmentary view in longitudinal section on the line 55 of Fig.2. Fig. 6, is a fragmentary view in longitudinal section on the line 66of Fig. 2, and Fig. 7, is a fragmentary view in longitudinal section onthe line 77 of Fig. 2.

1, 1, represent the side walls of the kiln, and 2-2 the end walls, and 3are the fire boxes or furnaces in the side walls of the kiln, and 4, thechimneys in the side walls of the kiln located at opposite sides of allof the furnaces, and also located in the end walls of the kiln.

Below the kiln floor and extending substantially throughout the lengthof the cen tral portion of the kiln, are three chords 5, 6 and 7respectively, said chords connected by a short cross chord 8 at thecenter of the kiln, and the central chord 6, which extends practicallythroughout the length of the kiln, is provided with expansion joints 10at the ends of the kiln, and adjacent the cross chord 8, while thechords 5 and 7 terminate short of the ends of the kiln, leaving passages 11 connecting the central longitudinal fiues 12 formed by chords5, 6 and 7, with longitudinal and lateral flues at the sides of thechords, as will more fully hereinafter appear.

Between the chords 5 and 7, and the side walls of the kiln, are arrangeda series of short lateral chords 13, which terminate short of the sidewalls, and also short of the chords 5 and 7, forming longitudinal fines14, and adjacent the side walls 1, longitudinal fiues 15. Theselongitudinal flues 15 are crossed by chords 16 in the same series as arethe chords 13, but of slightly greater length, suflicient to form auncture with the side walls, dividing the short lateral flues 17 formedbetween the several chords 13 and 10 into several series or sections,said chords 16 being located midway between the chimneys 4, so as todivide the kiln below the floor into so many sections, providing anequal section for each chimney to carry off the smoke and gases, exceptthe end chimneys in the side walls, which are provided with smallercompartments to chimneys 4, as it is most diflicult to secure themaximum of heat in the ends of the kiln.

In the end Walls of the kiln, waste heat lines 18 are provided to carryoff the waste heat from the kiln. These flues are normally closed bydampers 19. My improved floor is supported upon the chords 5, 6, 7 13and 16, and comprises solid or closed sections and riddles, as will nowbe explained.

Patented Mar. 22, 1910.

Above the longitudinal lines 14 and 12,

lire bricks are positioned, which construct longitudinal riddles 20,permitting free passage of the smoke and gases from the interior of thekiln into the longitudinal flues i tile 22 are positioned, forming aclosed tight floor. These tile are adapted to fit with reasonablesnugness, and in order to prevent damage by expansion and contraction,at three points throughout the length of the kiln, at both sides, Ispace the tile apart as shown at 23, to allow for its expansion andcontraction.

2 1 represents the bridge walls inside of the kiln, and over which thesmoke and gases pass the furnaces 3 into the body of the kiln, and thesebridge walls, at regular intervals, are provided with ducts 25, whichnot only communicate at their lower ends with the ash pit 26, but arealso provided with inlets 27 connecting them with the interior of thekiln, and these ducts discharge the hot air into the space between thebridge walls and the side walls of the kiln, so as to aid combustion.

Above the short longitudinal flues 15, adjacent the side walls of thekiln, narrow spaces 28 are provided between the tile forming the floor,so as to permit a small quantity of the smoke and 'ases to pass throughthese openings into the flue below. These small openings areadvantageous in order to secure the draft to the several chimneys,particularly in the initial burning of the furnace.

In operation, the smoke and gases from the several tines 3 pass upwardlyover the bridge walls 24, and in such passage, the air entering theducts 25, eoinmingles with the smoke and gases to aid combustion. Aftercontact with the brick and other articles in the body of the kiln, thesmoke and gases pass downwardly through the riddles 20 and 21. Thatportion which passes through the riddles 21 enters the tlues 1st and 12,and from the tines 12 pass longitudinally of the kiln and up thechimneys 4c in the end walls of the kiln, while that portion passinginto the longitudinal lines 14-. traverse the lateral fines 17 andescape at the chimneys d in the side walls of the kiln. The smoke andgases which pass downwardly through the end riddles 21, divide, andwhile a portion passes up the stacks in the ends of the kiln, thegreater portion will pass up the stacks in the side walls of the kilnadjacent the ends of the kiln.. In

f the passage of the smoke'and gases lateri a 1 ally under thesolidlll'lt'k l'loor aboyc tnc lateral tines 17, it will thoroughly heat thetile and transmit this heat to the brick or other articles to be burned.

A great many slight changes might be made in the general form andarrangements f 't l* "b l tl l t 'f"- 01 pm s ctscii ct \\i ioin (.epaimg 10,11 my invention, and hence I do not restrict consider myself atliberty to make such changes and alteration; as fairly fall within thespirit and scope of the claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as iew and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a kiln, the combination with a door and stacks in the walls of thekiln, of longitudinal tlues extending substantially throughout thelength of the kiln below the floor and communicating with the stacks inthe end walls of the kiln, )arallel lateral chords forming lateral linesbetween the longitudinal lines and the side walls of the kiln, some ofsaid chords extending to the side walls dividing said lateral tines intoseveral series of fines, each series communicating with a stack in theside walls.

In a kiln, the combination with a floor, of longitudinal chordsextending substantially throughout the length of the kiln, and formingparallel longitudinal tines, parallel lateral lines between thelongitudinal chords and the side walls of the kiln, certain of saidchords extending to the side walls, dividing said lateral flues into aplurality of series of fines, chimneys in the side and end walls withwhich said series of lines conimunicate.

3. In a kiln, the combination with a floor, of longitudinal chordsextending substantially throughout the length of the kiln, and formingparallel longitudinal lines, parallel lateral tines between thelongitudinal chords and the side walls of the kiln, certain of saidchords extending to the side walls, chimneys in the side and end wallswith which said tines communicate, and all of said lateral chordsterminating short of the. longitudinal chords, forming longitudinalflues connecting all the lateral fines.

41. In a kiln, the combination with afloor, and stacks in the walls ofthe kiln, of longitudinal flues extending substantially throughout thelength of the kiln below. the floor, and communicating with stacks inthe end walls of the kiln, and parallel lateral flues connecting theouter longitudinal fines with the stacks in the side walls of the kiln,longitudinal riddles in the floor above the longitudinal flues at thecenter of the kiln, and lateral riddles in the floor above the lateralfines at the ends of the kiln.

5. In a kiln, the combination with a floor and stacks in the walls ofthe kiln of lonmyself to the precise details set forth, but

gitudinal fiues extending substantially throughout the length of thekiln below the fioor, and communicating with stacks in the ends of thekiln, parallel lateral fines connecting the longitudinal fines with thestacks in the side walls of the kiln, and chords between some of thelateral fines extending to the side walls of the kiln, longitudinalriddles in the fioor above the longitudinal fines at the center of thekiln, and lateral riddles in the fioor above the lateral fines at theends of the kiln.

6. In a kiln, the combination with a fioor and stacks in the walls ofthe kiln, of longitudinal fines extending substantially throughout thelength of the kiln below the fioor and communicating with the stacks inthe end walls of the kiln, parallel lateral chords forming lateral finesbetween the longitudinal fines and the side walls of the kiln, some ofsaid chords extending to the side walls dividing said lateral fines intoseveral series of fines, each series commnni eating with a stack in theside walls, longitudinal riddles in the fioor above the lon git-udinalfines at the center of the kiln, and lateral riddles in the fioor abovethe lateral fines at the ends of the kiln.

7. In a kiln, the combination with a fioor, of longitudinal chordsextending substantially throughout the length of the kiln, and formingparallel longitudinal fines, parallel lateral fines between thelongitudinal chords and the side walls of the kiln, certain of saidchords extending to the side walls, dividing said lateral fines into aplurality of series of fines, chimneys in the side and end walls withwhich said series of lateral fines communicate, longitudinal riddles inthe fioor above the longitudinal fines at the center of the kiln, andlateral riddles in the fioor above the lateral fines at the ends of thekiln.

S. In a kiln, the combination with a fioor, of longitudinal chordsextending substantially throughout the length of the kiln, and formingparallel longitudinal fines, parallel lateral fines between thelongitudinal chords and the side walls of the kiln, certain of saidchords extending to the side walls, chimneys in the side and end wallswith which said fines communicate, and all of said lateral chordsterminating short of the longitudinal chords, forming longitudinal finesconnecting all the lateral fines, longitudinal riddles in the fioorabove the longitudinal fines at the center of the kiln, and lateralriddles in the fioor above the lateral fines at the ends of the kiln.

9. In a kiln, the combination with a fioor, and stacks in the walls ofthe kiln, of longitudinal fines extending substantially throughout thelength of the kiln below the fioor, and communicating with stacks in theend walls of the kiln, and parallel lateral fines connecting the outerlongitudinal fines with the stacks in the side walls of the kiln,longitudinal riddles in the fioor above the longitudinal fines at thecenter of the kiln, and lateral riddles in the fioor above the lateralfines at the ends of the kiln, tile closing all other space in the fioorabove the fines below, except where said tile are spaced apart atintervals above the space between the ends of the lateral fines, and theside walls of the kiln.

10. In a kiln, the combination with a fioor and stacks in the walls ofthe kiln, of longitudinal fines extending substantially throughout thelength of the kiln below the fioor, and communicating with stacks in theends of the kiln, parallel lateral fines connecting the longitudinalfines with the stacks in the side walls of the kiln, and chords betweensome of the lateral fines extending to the side walls of the kiln,longitudinal riddles in the fioor above the longitudinal fines at thecenter of the kiln, and lateral riddles in the fioor above the lateralfines at the ends of the kiln, tile closing all other space in the fioorabove the fines below, except where said tile are spaced apart atintervals above the space between the ends of the lateral fines and theside walls of the kiln.

II. In a kiln, the combination with a fioor and stacks in the walls ofthe kiln, of longitudinal fines extending substantially throughout thelength of the kiln below the fioor and communicating with the stacks inthe end walls of the kiln, parallel lateral chords forming lateral finesbetween the 1011- gitndinal fines and the side walls of the kiln, someof said chords extending to the side walls dividing said lateral finesinto several series of fines, each series communicating with a stack inthe side walls, longitudinal riddles in the fioor above the longitndinalfines at the center of the kiln, and lateral. riddles in the fioor abovethe lateral fines at the ends of the kiln, tile closing all other spacein the fioor above the fines below, except where said tile are spacedapart at intervals above the space between the ends of the lateral finesand the side walls of the kiln.

12. In a kiln, the combination with a fioor, of longitudinal chordsextending substantially throughout the length of the kiln, and formingparallel longitudinal fines, parallel lateral fines between thelongitudinal chords and the side walls of the kiln, certain of saidchords extending to the side walls, chimneys in the side and end wallswith which said fines communicate, longitudinal riddles in the fioorabove the longitudinal fines at the center of the kiln, and lateralriddles in the fioor above the lateral fines at the ends of the kiln,tile closing all other space in the fioor above the fines below, exceptwhere said tile are spaced apart at intervals above the space betweenthe ends of the lateral tlues and the side alls of the kiln.

13. In a kiln, the combination with a floor, of longitudinal chordsextending substantially throughout the length of the kiln, and formingparallel longitudinal fines, parallel lateral fines between thelongitudinal chords and the side walls of the kiln, certain of saidchords extending to the side walls, chimneys in the side and end wallswith which said Hues communicate, and all of said lateral chordsterminating short of the longitudinal chords, forming longitudinalflue-s connecting all the lateral fines, longitudinal riddles in thefloor above the longitudinal tlues at the center of the kiln, andlateral riddles in the floor above the lateral fines at the ends of thekiln, tile closing all other space above the tines below, except Wheresaid tile are spaced apart at intervals above the space between the endsof the latera fines and the side walls of the kiln. 7

In testimony whereof I havesigned my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS M. lVILSON. lVitnesses:

VM. LOVENTHAL,

C. E. Po'r'rs.

